Inzuzo
1. Ixabiso elifikelelekayo: Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto ezikhethekileyo okanye izixhobo zombhobho osebenza kakhulu, izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zombhobho zineenzuzo ezicacileyo kwiindleko zokuthenga, ezinokugcina imali kwiiprojekthi okanye ukusetyenziswa kwansuku zonke.
2. Uqoqosho kunye nokusebenza: Ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi ngokubanzi okanye iimfuno zokudibanisa, izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zombhobho zinokuhlangabezana nemisebenzi esisiseko ngexabiso eliphantsi kwaye zingabizi.
3. Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi: Iimpawu kunye neemodeli zokufakelwa kombhobho eziqhelekileyo zixhaphake kwaye ziyakwazi ukulungelelaniswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemibhobho kunye neemeko zesicelo, okwenza kube lula ukudibanisa kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zepayipi.
4. Ukufakela ngokulula: Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo, abafakeli baqhelana ngakumbi nezixhobo eziqhelekileyo zombhobho, kwaye inkqubo yokufakela ilula kwaye ikhawuleza, ukunciphisa ubunzima bokwakha kunye nexesha.
Intshayelelo yeMveliso
Ukufakelwa kwemibhobho eqhelekileyo ligama eliqhelekileyo lamacandelo asetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zemibhobho yokudibanisa, ukulawula, ukutshintsha indlela, ukuphambukisa, ukutywinwa, ukuxhasa, njl njl. Ukufakelwa kwemibhobho eqhelekileyo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya iingqiniba, iiteyi, iminqamlezo, izinciphisi, njl.
Ngokwendlela yokudibanisa, inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amane: izixhobo zombhobho wesokethi, izixhobo zombhobho oxutyiweyo, izixhobo zombhobho weflange kunye nokufakwa kombhobho odityanisiweyo. Kukho i-elbows (i-elbows), i-flanges, i-tee, imibhobho yeendlela ezine (iintloko ezinqamlezileyo) kunye nezinciphisa (iintloko ezinkulu nezincinci), njl. iiflange zisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa imibhobho komnye nomnye kwaye zidibaniswe neziphelo zepayipi; iiteyi zisetyenziselwa Umbhobho unokwahlulwa ube yimibhobho emibini yesebe; indlela ezine ingasetyenziselwa ukwahlula umbhobho kwimibhobho emithathu yesebe; i-reducer isetyenziswa apho imibhobho emibini yobubanzi obuhlukeneyo idityanisiwe.
Izixhobo zombhobho zingahlelwa ngokwemigangatho yokuvelisa kwimigangatho yesizwe, imigangatho yombane, imigangatho yeenqanawa, imigangatho yeekhemikhali, imigangatho yamanzi, imigangatho yaseMelika, imigangatho yaseJamani, imigangatho yaseJapan, imigangatho yaseRashiya, njl. Ngokwendlela yokuvelisa, inokwahlulwa ibe yinkqubo yokuvelisa, ukucofa, ukubumba, ukuphosa, njl njl. Xa ukhetha izixhobo zombhobho eziqhelekileyo, izinto ezifana nezixhobo zombhobho, uxinzelelo lokusebenza, ubushushu, i-medium, njl.